EISSN 2039-6880
home / Archivio / Fascicolo / Il 'nodo borromeo' dell'intelligenza artificiale e la sua regolazione
indietro stampa articolo leggi articolo leggi fascicolo
Il 'nodo borromeo' dell'intelligenza artificiale e la sua regolazione
Andrea Ottolia. Professore associato di diritto commerciale nell’Università di Genova
Report held at Workshop: “Important Issues of Business Law” (Company Law, Artificial Intelligence & Intellectual Property Law) for Business People - Shinawatra University - 16 March 2018”.
Il presente lavoro identifica i tre formanti dell’innovazione svolta attraverso l’intelligenza artificiale (i) nei dati, (ii) negli algoritmi e (iii) nei modelli derivati e dimostra come l’intervento regolatore in questa materia debba tener conto di ciascuno di essi. Ponendo l’attenzione in particolare al problema dell’utilizzo di sistemi di intelligenza artificiale c.d. “black box” si esplorano le diverse opzioni regolatorie “ex post” ed “ex ante” indicando per queste ultime a quali condizioni sia auspicabile un regime di trasparenza orizzontale (ovvero inter partes) oppure verticale (ovvero nei confronti dell’Autorità competente).
This work identifies the three elements of the innovation achieved through artificial intelligence in (i) data, (ii) algorithms and (iii) models and demonstrates how the regulatory intervention in this field should take account of each of them. With particular attention paid to black box A.I. the paper analyses different regulatory options both “ex post” and “ex ante”, describing for the latter under which conditions we should apply “horizontal transparency” (i.e. inter partes) v. “vertical transparency” (i.e. to the competent Authority).
Articoli Correlati: intelligenza artificiale - Big Data - Internet of Things - GDPR
1. Premise
Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently gained wide attention in the legal discourse [1]. While the topic is not new (its origins go back to the Fifties [2]), it has become of paramount importance for the ubiquitous advantages provided by AI in several innovation processes [3]. The present work identifies which are the different regulatory levers in this field and draws some ideas that Regulators may take into consideration when intervening in this particular area of law and technology.
2. Methods: the Borromean knot of data, algorithms and models
The first observation takes a broad view on the topic and suggests that any legal intervention in this field should carefully consider all the different components of the innovation process generated by AI. Such process (to which I conventionally refer to also as “computational innovation” [4]) can be described by the image of the Borromean knot [5] where each ring is equally important and removing any ring results in two unlinked rings.
The three rings of computational innovation are data, algorithms and models: (i) data are the basic sources of any inductive process of knowledge production, (ii) algorithms [continua..]
Ventuno